Doctors from the Scottish region and America have performed what is considered a pioneering stroke surgery utilizing robotic technology.
The lead surgeon, working at a Scottish university, conducted the remote thrombectomy - the extraction of blood clots following a brain attack - on a medical specimen that had been donated to medical science.
The professor was working from a medical facility in Dundee, while the subject undergoing procedure while using the machine was separately situated at the academic institution.
Later that day, a neurosurgeon from the US location used the equipment to conduct the pioneering long-distance operation from his American facility on a donated cadaver in Dundee over 4,000 miles away.
The research collective has called it a potential "transformative advancement" if it gains clearance for clinical application.
The surgeons believe this technology could revolutionize cerebral healthcare, as a limited availability of specialist treatment can have a major influence on the healing potential.
"The experience was we were observing the initial vision of the future," stated Prof Grunwald.
"Whereas before this was considered futuristic fantasy, we showed that all stages of the procedure can now be performed."
The University of Dundee is the international education hub of the international stroke organization, and is the exclusive site in the United Kingdom where surgeons can work with medical specimens with actual blood flowing through the arteries to replicate operations on a live human.
"This represented the pioneering moment that we could conduct the entire surgical process in a actual human specimen to show that every phase of the procedure are possible," explained the lead expert.
A charity executive, the head of a health foundation, labeled the transatlantic procedure as "an extraordinary advancement".
"For too long, individuals from remote and rural areas have been denied availability to thrombectomy," she added.
"Robotics like this could address the disparity which exists in brain care throughout Britain."
An blockage stroke happens when an artery is blocked by a clot.
This disrupts blood and oxygen supply to the neural matter, and brain cells cease working and deteriorate.
The optimal therapy is a clot removal, where a specialist uses surgical tools to clear the obstruction.
But what occurs when a individual can't get to a expert who can perform the surgery?
The lead researcher stated the experiment demonstrated a mechanical device could be linked with the equivalent surgical tools a doctor would conventionally utilize, and a medic who is present with the individual could easily connect the instruments.
The specialist, in a different place, could then hold and move their own wires, and the automated system then carries out exactly the same movements in live timing on the patient to conduct the clot removal.
The patient would be in a hospital operating room, while the doctor could carry out the surgery using the advanced machine from any location - even their private dwelling.
The medical expert and Ricardo Hanel could see live X-rays of the specimen in the trials, and observe results in real time, with the lead researcher stating it took merely twenty minutes of instruction.
Technology companies prominent manufacturers were contributed to the research to guarantee the connectivity of the mechanical device.
"To conduct procedures from the US to Britain with a minimal delay - a moment - is genuinely extraordinary," stated the neurosurgeon.
The medical expert, who has won an award for her work and is also the executive member of the World Federation for Interventional Stroke Treatment, explained there were primary challenges with a conventional clot removal - a worldwide deficiency of surgeons who can perform it, and care is determined by your geographical position.
In Scotland, there are just three locations individuals can receive the procedure - three major cities. If you don't live there, you must journey.
"The procedure is very time sensitive," said Prof Grunwald.
"Every six minutes delay, you have a one percent reduced probability of having a positive result.
"This technology would now offer a new way where you're not depending on where you reside - conserving the crucial moments where your brain is deteriorating."
Public health data revealed there were {9,625 ischaemic strokes|numerous cerebral events|
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